DSLR

  • Mirror system inside camera lets you preview through the viewfinder the same image that is being captured on film
  • It comes with detachable lenses
  • Prime lenses: only one focal length
  • Zoom lenses: variable focal lengths
  • Kit lens: a basic lens that comes with a camera body in a “kit”
  • Image sensor is towards the back of the camera, with the focal length and nodal point at the front.
  • Fisheye or wide-angle focal length (17mm) is used for architecture or landscape
  • Normal focal length – how we see (50mm) is used for street or documentary
  • Medium Telephoto focal length (100mm) is used for Portraiture
  • Telephoto focal length (200mm – 300mm) is used for sport, birds, and wildlife
  • The smaller the focal length, the closer, or more zoomed in, the subject
  • International Organization for Standards: ISO – number that describes film’s sensitivity to light
  • ASA – describe sensitivity of digital sensors in digital cameras
  • HIGH ISO value means the sensor will be MORE sensitive to light
  • More available light = lower ISO; less available light = higher ISO
  • Lowest ISO you can to reduce grain/noise
  • Shutter speed: how long the shutter is open
  • Shutter speed should be double your frame rate
  • Aperture; fraction: focal length divided by lens diameter – smaller number represents a larger opening
  • Larger aperture, shallower depth of field
  • Full Auto (green rectangle) – camera does EVERYTHING for you
  • CA (Creative Auto) – camera does almost everything BUT lets you choose brightness, depth of field, picture style by pressing the Q button
  • P (Program) – camera set shutter speed and aperture, but you choose ISO, AF/MF, white balance; Tv (Shutter Speed priority) – you choose shutter speed, camera chooses appropriate aperture
  • Av (Aperture priority) – you choose aperture, camera chooses appropriate shutter speed; M (manual) – you choose everything
  • A-Dep ( Automatic depth of field) – camera chooses aperture, shutter speed combo to get best DOF.

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